Lester H Kosowsky

6651028, Nov 18, 2003

Dec 13, 2001

10/015511

Lester H. Kosowsky - Stamford CT
Richard Gryzbowski - Corning NY

Otis Elevator Company - Farmington CT

G01C 2200

702159, 702142, 702143, 342 42

Modulating digital data onto a carrier frequency and then amplitude modulating the result with a waveform of a different frequency permits measuring position and velocity of an elevator cab while transmitting digital data to the cab.

6720905, Apr 13, 2004

Aug 28, 2002

10/229761

Arthur C. Levitan - Wilton CT
Lester Kosowsky - Stamford CT

Personnel Protection Technologies LLC - Wilton CT

G01S 1386

342 22, 342 52, 342 53, 342 54, 342 90, 342179, 342192

Methods and Apparatus for early detection and identification of a threat, and alerting against detected threats, such as individuals wearing or carrying explosive materials and/or weapons, e. g. , suicide bombers and other terrorists, at a great enough distance to limit loss of life and destruction of property are disclosed. The methods comprise transmitting a signal in the direction of a potential threat, measuring the detected reflected signal, and comparing the signal level with a threshold indicative of a threat. A monitor is employed to display the threat and attributes of the detected signals. The invention further illuminates the suspicious individual(s) with a Laser illuminator/designator and provides information about the distance to the suspicious individual(s).

6856272, Feb 15, 2005

Dec 8, 2003

10/730171

Arthur C. Levitan - Wilton CT, US
Lester Kosowsky - Stamford CT, US

Personnel Protection Technoloties LLC - Wilton CT

G01S013/86

342 22, 342 52, 342 53, 342 54, 342 90, 342 91, 342 94, 342 95, 342 96, 342 97

Methods and apparatus for early detection and identification of a threat such as individuals carrying hidden explosive materials, land mines on roads, etc. are disclosed. Methods comprise transmitting radar signals in the direction of a potential threat, measuring the energy in reflected signals, dynamically generating a threat threshold value from signals received from multiple areas and comparing the energy in the reflected signals corresponding to different areas to the generated threat threshold value. The threat threshold value may be generated by averaging the weighted reflected energy measured from different areas during a single scan of a region including the different areas. The contribution to the threshold from different areas is weighted in some embodiments as a function of the distance from the transmitter and/or receiver to the particular area. Analysis of areas and treating different areas as segments facilitates accurate analysis and display of threat information.

7492303, Feb 17, 2009

Jun 29, 2006

11/478026

Arthur C. Levitan - Wilton CT, US
Lester Kosowsky - Stamford CT, US

Personnel Protection Technologies LLC - Wilton CT

G01S 13/00

342 22, 342 27, 342 59, 342188

Methods and apparatus for early detection and identification of a threat such as individuals carrying hidden explosive materials, land mines on roads, etc. are disclosed. One method comprises illuminating a target with radiation at a first polarization, collecting first radiation reflected from the target which has the same polarization as the first polarization, illuminating a target with radiation at a second polarization, and collecting second radiation reflected from the target which has the same polarization as the second polarization. A threat determination is then made based on the difference between the energy values of the first and second collected radiations. In other embodiments, the difference between energy values is used in conjunction with an evaluation of the returned energy in comparison with returned energy from other targets in order to additionally assess whether the primary target is a threat.

57678022, Jun 16, 1998

Jan 10, 1997

8/783383

Lester Kosowsky - Stamford CT
Edward Stockburger - Norwood MA
Kevin W. Lindell - Trumbull CT

Northrop Grumman Corporation - Los Angeles CA

G01S 1378
G01S 1390

342 45

An IFF system including an interferometric ultra-high resolution synthetic aperture (SAR) radar located on an aircraft and a respective transponder located on one or more ground targets which may be, for example, ground vehicles. Each transponder is responsive to RF pulses transmitted from the radar and includes means for generating an identification code which then modulates the radar return with a coded signal indicative of the target's identity. Upon receiving the signal from the transponder, the radar processes the signals in an interferometric moving target focusing (IMTF) mode and a high resolution SAR processing mode to provide signals indicative of both moving and fixed targets with ID data superimposed thereon. Target ID extraction apparatus also having the same identification code applied thereto is included in the radar signal processor and extracts the target ID by a correlation technique which is then displayed along with the radar image of the target in question.

47943980, Dec 27, 1988

Oct 1, 1986

6/913890

Peter E. Raber - Milford CT
Lester H. Kosowsky - Stamford CT

United Technologies Corporation - Hartford CT

H01Q 1906
H01Q 1508

343754

In a multimode or multispectral electromagnetic detection system (11), a pair of rotatable scanning prisms (13' and 13"), each of said prisms comprising at least a pair of cooperative subprisms (13'a, 13'b, 13"a and 13"b), and the cooperative materials of the subprism being selected so as to ensure that electromagnetic radiation passing through the pair of rotatable prisms is equally deviated in a transverse direction.

47914270, Dec 13, 1988

Nov 22, 1985

6/800938

Peter E. Raber - Milford CT
Lester H. Kosowsky - Stamford CT

United Technologies Corporation - Hartford CT

H01Q 2128

343754

A multimode, multispectral antenna system (14) for detecting radiation from selected target regions in each of at least a pair of selected spectrum bandwidths through collimating lens (35), and rotatable, cooperative prisms (21) effective for collimating and scanning beams of radiation controllably with respect to said target regions.

44907192, Dec 25, 1984

Nov 27, 1981

6/325520

Leo Botwin - Westport CT
Lester H. Kosowsky - Stamford CT

United Technologies Corporation - Hartford CT

G01S 1306
F41G 720

343 5MM

A reference grid for a map matching missile guidance system is generated from a vertically polarized radar map and a horizontally polarized radar map, both of which represent radar returns from a preselected ground area. In generating this reference grid, illuminating radar pulses are alternately fed to a horizontal aperture and vertical aperture of a mapping radar. Horizontal radar returns and vertical radar returns are processed in separate channels to form a radar map of the ground area containing the target to which the missile is to be directed. A pixel-by-pixel comparison of the data in each map is performed to create a polarization diverse map which is essentially those returns from man-made objects. This map is then used by the missile guidance system as a reference grid for a final fix by which the missile obtains its final course orientation enroute to the target.